四氧嘧啶与链脲佐菌素诱导兔1型糖尿病模型的比较
Comparison of Two Kinds of Type 1 Diabetic Rabbit Models Induced by Alloxan or Streptozotocin
郭仲杰，彭娟，罗天友*，刘晓虎
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作者单位：(重庆医科大学附属第一医院放射科，重庆 400016)
中文关键字：四氧嘧啶；链脲佐菌素；1型糖尿病；兔
英文关键字：alloxan; streptozocin; type 1 diabetes mellitus; rabbits
中文摘要：目的 观察四氧嘧啶(alloxan，ALX)与链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin，STZ)诱导新西兰兔1型糖尿病模型的差异，探讨建模的最佳方法。方法 70只新西兰兔分为3组：实验组56只，又随机分为ALX和STZ两组，每组28只，采用两次给药，第一次剂量为100 mg/kg，48 h后第二次给药，剂量为120 mg/kg；对照组C组14只，相同方法给予等量生理盐水。每组给药后于不同时间监测空腹血糖、尿糖、尿酮、空腹体重、饮水量、排尿量、渗透压及电解质变化情况。结果 一周后ALX组和STZ组成模率分别为71.43%和64.26%，死亡率分别为25%和17.86%，两组之间比较成模率及死亡率均无明显统计学差异(P>0.05)；两组之间血糖浓度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 ALX与STZ分两次给药均可诱导稳定的兔1型糖尿病模型，从成模率、死亡率及建模成本综合考虑，ALX是建立兔1型糖尿病模型的优先选择。
英文摘要：Objective To develop an optimal type 1 diabetic animal model by evaluating and comparing two kinds of type 1 diabetic rabbit models induced by alloxan (ALX) and streptozotocin (STZ), respectively. Methods Seventy rabbits were randomized into two treatment groups (28 rabbits per group) and one control group (14 rabbits). One treatment group was administered with two doses of ALX at the concentration of 100 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg at an interval of 48 h, and the other treatment group was administered with STZ in the same way. The control group was administered with equivalent amount of physiological saline. The fasting blood glucose, urine glucose, urine ketones, body weight, daily water intake, urinary output, osmolality, and electrolytes of all the groups were monitored at different time points after drug administration. Results The incidences of ALX- and STZ- induced diabetes were 71.43% and 64.26%, and the mortalities were 25% and 17.86%, respectively. However, no significant difference was observed in the incidence or mortality between the two treated groups. Conclusion Both ALX and STZ can be used to establish type 1 diabetic rabbit models, and ALX-induced diabetic model is the first option because of equivalent incidence of diabetes development and lower mortality, as well as lower cost than STZ-induced diabetic model.