DGAT-1基因K232A突变位点对甘肃地区中国荷斯坦牛泌乳性状的影响
The Effect of Polymorphism K232A of DGAT-1 Gene on Milk Production Trait in Chinese Holstein Cattle
马彦男1,2，贺鹏迦1，马永生1，董艳娇1，朱静1，雷赵民2，刘哲2，吴建平2*
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作者单位：(1.甘肃民族师范学院化学与生命科学系，甘肃合作 747000；2.甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院，兰州 730070)
中文关键字：中国荷斯坦牛；二酰甘油酰基转移酶(DGAT-1)基因；K232A；泌乳性状
英文关键字：Chinese Holstein cattle; diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT)gene; K232A; milk traits
中文摘要：为探索二酰甘油酰基转移酶(DGAT-1)基因多态性与奶牛泌乳性状的相关性，以232头甘肃地区中国荷斯坦牛为实验材料，利用PCR-SSCP技术并结合测序研究DGAT-1基因K232A位点遗传多态性，采用混合动物模型分析DGAT-1基因K232A突变位点对305 d产奶量、305 d乳脂量和305 d乳蛋白量的影响。结果表明：DGAT-1基因K232A位点共存在KK、KA和AA 3种基因型，频率分别为0.5086、0.3750和0.1164，等位基因K和A的频率分别为0.6961和0.3039，多态信息含量(PIC)为0.3336，实验群体在这一位点上处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态。该位点突变对305 d产奶量的影响达到极显著水平(P<0.01)，对305 d乳脂量和305 d乳蛋白量的影响达到显著水平(P<0.05)。最小二乘法分析表明，AA和KA型305 d产奶量极显著高于KK型(P<0.01)，KK型乳脂量显著高于AA和KA型(P<0.05)，AA型乳蛋白量显著高于KK型(P<0.05)；A等位基因是提高产奶量和乳蛋白量的优势基因，而K等位基因是高乳脂量的优势基因。DGAT-1基因K232A位点突变对甘肃地区中国荷斯坦牛泌乳性状有较大的遗传效应，可用于其泌乳性状的分子标记辅助选择。
英文摘要：To investigate the association between the polymorphism of DGAT-1 gene and milk yield and composition, 232 Chinese Holstein cattles in Gansu region were collected to study the polymorphism of the K232A site of DGAT-1 gene using PCR-SSCP in this study, and the effects of the polymorphism of the K232A site on 305 days milk yield, milk fat yield and milk protein yield were analyzed based on a mixed animal model. Three genotypes including KK, KA and AA were identified with genotypic frequencies 0.5086, 0.3750 and 0.1164, respectively. Additionally, the gene frequencies of K and A were 0.6961 and 0.3039, respectively. The polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.3336, and the population was in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium at this locus. Significant association was observed between the K232A site and 305 days milk yield (P<0.01), milk fat yield (P<0.05) and milk protein yield (P<0.05). The result of Least Squares analysis showed that 305 days milk yield of AA and KA types was significantly higher than that of KK type (P<0.01); 305 days milk fat yield of KK type was significantly higher than that of AA and KA types (P<0.05); and 305 days milk protein yield of AA type was significantly higher than that of KK type (P<0.05). Allele A was the dominant allele of high milk yield and milk protein yield, while K was dominant allele of high milk fat yield. Therefore, these genotypes can be considered as the molecular genetic markers of the breeding of Chinese Holstein cattle in Gansu region.